Galvorn Scientific Publications
Built on more than two decades of research, the scientific community is taking note and discovering new possibilities with Galvorn.
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2024
Bright, circularly polarized black-body radiation from twisted nanocarbon filaments
Published in Science December 2024 (and featured on the cover!)
All objects, including human bodies, emit thermal radiation. This thermal radiation can have different types of polarization (the specific way its light waves oscillate), and circular polarization is desired for many advanced technologies, such as thermal imaging, biological sensing, and passive infrared detectors for security systems. Most objects emit thermal radiation with only a small degree of circular polarization. But Lu et al. report that twisted carbon nanotube filaments (yes, they used Galvorn!) can emit circularly polarized thermal radiation with high brightness, and these materials could be used at high temperatures that are unattainable by existing emitters.
2023
Field emission cathodes made from knitted carbon nanotube fiber fabrics
Published in Journal of Applied Physics March 2023
Field emission cathodes made from knitted carbon nanotube (CNT) fabrics were tested and compared to CNT film cathodes. The CNT fabric cathodes showed 8 times higher emission current in DC mode and 2 times higher emission current in pulsed voltage mode compared to CNT film cathodes. The CNT fabric cathodes remained intact after >5000 pulses, indicating their potential for large area, conformable, and robust field emission applications.
Piezoresistive Response of Carbon Nanotube Yarn Monofilament Composites under Axial Compression
Published in C-Journal of Carbon Research September 2023
Carbon Nanotube Yarns (CNTYs) are ideal for integrated sensing applications due to their structure and size. This study investigates the piezoresistive response of CNTY monofilament composites under axial compression, finding a strong piezoresistive response with a sensitivity of 0.4-0.5. The sensitivity appears slightly lower under compression than tension. Understanding the axial piezoresistive response of CNTYs under both tension and compression will enable their use in sensing applications where the yarn undergoes compression, including aerospace, marine, and civil infrastructure.
2022
Published in Nanomaterials February 2022
This study investigates the relationship between the physical properties of six CNT yarns and their structures. Results show that electrical conductivity increases as the effective length of the CNTs and yarn density increase, while tensile strength depends more on packing density, highlighting the importance of interfacial interaction.
**Please note that properties for Galvorn have improved since this study. For the latest, please see the Galvorn specifications sheet.
Safety considerations for SPIcDER: Spacesuit integrated carbon nanotube dust ejection/removal system
Published in Journal of Space Safety Engineering March 2022
This spacesuit system uses embedded carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers (specifically, Galvorn) and high voltage AC signals to repel dust from spacesuits, mitigating contamination during Moon and Mars exploration.
Characterization of failure of single carbon nanotube fibers under extreme transverse loading
Published in Materials & Design March 2022
In this study CNT fibers (Galvorn) were found to have superior energy dissipation and dispersion capabilities per unit mass compared to commercial high-performance fibers (including Kevlar, Dyneema, and fiberglass), and these capabilities improved with increasing loading rate. The study contributes to a better understanding of CNT fiber material properties and their failure mechanism under extreme transverse loading, which is valuable for developing fiber-scale models for textiles and composites.
2021
We can use carbon to decarbonize—and get hydrogen for free
Published in PNAS July 2021 | Authors include DexMat Co-Founder & Chief Science Advisor, Matteo Pasquali, PhD
Summary of the case of producing CNTs via methane pyrolysis at scale to displace energy intensive, emissive metals.Â
Macroscopic weavable fibers of carbon nanotubes with giant thermoelectric power factor
Published in Nature Communications August 2021
Carbon nanotubes have great potential for thermoelectric performance due to their unique properties. However, creating macroscopic assemblies with high power factors has been challenging. This research reports a solution by achieving ultrahigh electrical and thermal conductivity in weavable carbon nanotube fibers (Galvorn), resulting in a giant power factor. These fibers demonstrate high thermoelectric performance, weavability, and scalability, making them ideal for thermoelectric active cooling applications.
On Using CNTFs-Based Wires for High Frequency Wireless Power Transfer Charging Systems
Published in IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology October 2021
Carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) offer superior electrical properties, high mechanical performance, light weight, and high thermal conductivity. The efficiency of a CNTFs-based wireless transformer was compared to a copper-based transformer. Experimental results within a 50 W/6.78 MHz WPT charging system at different ampere currents show better efficiency with the CNTF-based transformer compared to the copper one.
2020
Perovskite-Carbon Nanotube Light-Emitting Fibers
Published in Nano Letters, May 2020
This research paper describes the development of light-emitting fibers (Galvorn) made by combining perovskite materials with carbon nanotubes, showcasing a potential new technology for flexible, wearable light sources. These perovskite-GalvornCNT fibers could be used in applications like wearable electronics, flexible displays, and light sources that can be integrated into textiles.
Applicability of carbon nanotube materials in present-day and future electrical machines.
Published in 2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) August 2020
While individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have high conductivity, yarns made from them are still developing and have lower conductivity. Despite current limitations, CNT-based yarns already show promising conductivity for certain uses. This paper explores using CNT-based winding materials in electrical machine design.
2019
Dynamic Strengthening of Carbon Nanotube Fibers under Extreme Mechanical ImpulsesÂ
Published in Nano Letters, | Authors include DexMat Co-Founder & Chief Science Advisor, Matteo Pasquali, PhD.
The study investigates the phenomenon where carbon nanotube fibers (i.e. Galvorn) can become significantly stronger when subjected to rapid, high-force impacts. Potential applications include composites with enhanced impact resistance and protective ballistic gear where sudden high-impact forces need to be absorbed.
2018
Carbon nanotube woven textile photodetector
Published in Physical Review Materials, Volume 2, Issue 1| Authors include DexMat Co-Founder & CTO, Dimitri Tsentalovich, PhD, and DexMat Co-Founder & Chief Science Advisor, Matteo Pasquali, PhD.
Researchers developed a weaved, substrateless, polarization-sensitive photodetector using doping-engineered fibers of highly aligned carbon nanotubes (Galvorn). This self-powered detector operates at room temperature and responds to a broad spectrum of radiation. It was woven into a shirt and demonstrated a collective photoresponse under global illumination, withstanding bending and washing. This unconventional photodetector has potential applications in wearable technology.
Above: The study "Bright, circularly polarized black-body radiation from twisted nanocarbon filaments" used Galvorn 150 μm yarn and was featured on the cover of Science in 2024.